Paper · Sep 24, 2020

On Four-dimensional Steady gradient Ricci solitons that dimension reduce

Bennett Chow, Yuxing Deng, Zilu Ma

As on arXiv

Abstract

In this paper, we will study the asymptotic geometry of 4-dimensional steady gradient Ricci solitons under the condition that they dimension reduce to -manifolds. We will show that such 4-dimensional steady gradient Ricci solitons either dimension reduce to a spherical space form or weakly dimension reduce to the -dimensional Bryant soliton. We also show that 4-dimensional steady gradient Ricci soliton singularity models with nonnegative Ricci curvature outside a compact set either are Ricci-flat ALE -manifolds or dimension reduce to -dimensional manifolds. As an application, we prove that any steady gradient Kähler-Ricci soliton singularity models on complex surfaces with nonnegative Ricci curvature outside a compact set must be hyperkähler ALE Ricc-flat -manifolds.

Submitted
Sep 24, 2020
Last revised
Mar 18, 2022 (v2)
Subjects
math.DG

Comments: A volume comparison result is corrected. See the discussion in the appendix. The paper is accepted by Adv in Math

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The 8 papers on this site closest to this one, judged by the topics they share, the words and phrases in their titles and abstracts, and their authors. They are not its citations, but a map of the work around it. Papers here go back to 2016, plus the canon.

Connected papers This paper in the centre and the 8 papers closest to it around it, in date order clockwise from the top. The closer a paper sits to the centre, the stronger the connection. This paper Curvature growth of some 4-dimensional gradient Ricci soliton singularity models (Bennett Chow, Michael Freedman, Henry Shin et al., 2019)4Chow 2019 Four-Dimensional Steady Gradient Ricci Solitons with 3-Cylindrical Tangent Flows at Infinity (Richard Bamler, Bennett Chow, Yuxing Deng et al., 2021)1Bamler 2021 Hamilton-Ivey estimates for gradient Ricci solitons (Pak-Yeung Chan, Zilu Ma and Yongjia Zhang, 2021)6Chan 2021 Lower bounds for the scalar curvatures of Ricci flow singularity models (Pak-Yeung Chan, Bennett Chow, Zilu Ma et al., 2022)2Chan 2022 Dimension Reduction for Positively Curved Steady Solitons (Pak-Yeung Chan, Zilu Ma and Yongjia Zhang, 2023)7Chan 2023 Rigidity of positively curved Steady gradient Ricci solitons on orbifolds (Yuxing Deng, 2025)5Deng 2025 Asymptotic Geometry of Four-Dimensional Steady Solitons (Aprameya Girish Hebbar and Natasa Sesum, 2026)8Hebbar 2026 Classification of cohomogeneity one steady gradient Ricci solitons in dimension four and five (Yuxing Deng and Guohao Wang, 2026)3Deng 2026
Closer to the centre: more closely connected. Clockwise from the top: oldest to newest. Ricci flowWider flowsalso connected to each other
  1. Four-Dimensional Steady Gradient Ricci Solitons with -Cylindrical Tangent Flows at Infinity

    Richard Bamler, Bennett Chow, Yuxing Deng et al.

    Topics Sphere theorems, 4-manifolds, Singularities · Same authors Bennett Chow, Yuxing Deng, Zilu Ma · Shared terms “dimensional steady”, “steady gradient”, “four dimensional”

  2. Lower bounds for the scalar curvatures of Ricci flow singularity models

    Pak-Yeung Chan, Bennett Chow, Zilu Ma et al.

    Topics Ricci-flat & Calabi–Yau, Singularities, Ricci solitons · Same authors Bennett Chow, Zilu Ma · Shared terms “singularity models”

  3. Classification of cohomogeneity one steady gradient Ricci solitons in dimension four and five

    Yuxing Deng and Guohao Wang

    Topics Ricci-flat & Calabi–Yau, 4-manifolds, Ancient solutions · Same author Yuxing Deng · Shared terms “steady gradient”, “gradient Ricci”, “Bryant soliton”

  4. Curvature growth of some 4-dimensional gradient Ricci soliton singularity models

    Bennett Chow, Michael Freedman, Henry Shin et al.

    Topics 4-manifolds, Singularities, Ricci solitons · Same author Bennett Chow · Shared terms “singularity models”, “gradient Ricci”

  5. Rigidity of positively curved Steady gradient Ricci solitons on orbifolds

    Yuxing Deng

    Topics Sphere theorems, Ancient solutions, Singularities · Same author Yuxing Deng · Shared terms “steady gradient”, “gradient Ricci”, “Bryant soliton”

  6. Hamilton-Ivey estimates for gradient Ricci solitons

    Pak-Yeung Chan, Zilu Ma and Yongjia Zhang

    Topics Ricci-flat & Calabi–Yau, Singularities, Ricci solitons · Same author Zilu Ma · Shared terms “steady gradient”, “dimensional steady”, “gradient Ricci”

  7. Dimension Reduction for Positively Curved Steady Solitons

    Pak-Yeung Chan, Zilu Ma and Yongjia Zhang

    Topics 4-manifolds, Singularities, Ricci solitons · Same author Zilu Ma · Shared terms “dimension reduce”, “steady gradient”, “gradient Ricci”

  8. Asymptotic Geometry of Four-Dimensional Steady Solitons

    Aprameya Girish Hebbar and Natasa Sesum

    Topics 4-manifolds, Ancient solutions, Ricci solitons · Shared terms “dimensional steady”, “asymptotic geometry”, “four dimensional”

Read around it

Background reading

The guides for the topics of this paper: what each idea is, why it matters, and the papers to read first.

In the guidebook

  1. 12B.3
    The Structure of κ-SolutionsBook 12B · κ-Solutions and Surgery

    Necks and caps, compactness, and universal estimates.

  2. 12B.2
    The Asymptotic Soliton and Three-Dimensional ShrinkersBook 12B · κ-Solutions and Surgery

    Perelman's Proposition 11.2 proved with Morgan and Tian: the reduced-length bounds on κ-solutions, the limit of rescalings, the equality case, and the classification of shrinking solitons in dimensions two and three.

  3. 11A.11
    Hamilton’s 1982 TheoremBook 11A · The Ricci Flow: Existence and Maximum Principles

    Positive Ricci curvature in dimension 3 flows to a round metric.