Paper · Aug 2, 2023

On -solutions and canonical neighborhoods in 4d Ricci flow

Robert Haslhofer

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Abstract

We introduce a classification conjecture for -solutions in 4d Ricci flow. Our conjectured list includes known examples from the literature, but also a new 1-parameter family of -symmetric bubble-sheet ovals that we construct. We observe that some special cases of the conjecture follow from recent results in the literature. We also introduce a stronger variant of the classification conjecture for ancient asymptotically cylindrical 4d Ricci flows, which does not assume smoothness and nonnegative curvature operator a priori. Assuming this stronger variant holds true, we establish a canonical neighborhood theorem for 4d Ricci flow through cylindrical singularities, which shares some elements in common with Perelman's canonical neighborhood theorem for 3d Ricci flow as well as the mean-convex neighborhood theorem for mean curvature flow through neck-singularities. Finally, we argue that quotient-necks lead to new phenomena, and sketch an example of non-uniqueness for 4d Ricci flow through singularities.

Comments: 12 pages (v2: added details in Section 2)

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The 8 papers on this site closest to this one, judged by the topics they share, the words and phrases in their titles and abstracts, and their authors. They are not its citations, but a map of the work around it. Papers here go back to 2021, plus the canon.

Connected papers This paper in the centre and the 8 papers closest to it around it, in date order clockwise from the top. The closer a paper sits to the centre, the stronger the connection. This paper Hearing the shape of ancient noncollapsed flows in ℝ⁴ (Wenkui Du and Robert Haslhofer, 2021)7Du 2021 A note on blowup limits in 3d Ricci flow (Beomjun Choi and Robert Haslhofer, 2021)2Choi 2021 Uniqueness and stability of singular Ricci flows in higher dimensions (Robert Haslhofer, 2021)4Haslhofer 2021 Classification of bubble-sheet ovals in ℝ⁴ (Beomjun Choi, Panagiota Daskalopoulos, Wenkui Du et al., 2022)5Choi 2022 Classification of ancient noncollapsed flows in ℝ⁴ (Kyeongsu Choi and Robert Haslhofer, 2024)6Choi 2024 Free boundary flow through cylindrical singularities (Yueheng Bao and Robert Haslhofer, 2026)1Bao 2026 Ancient cylindrical flows with fast or slow convergence (Kyeongsu Choi and Robert Haslhofer, 2026)3Choi 2026 Quantitative avoidance for free boundary flows and applications (Yueheng Bao and Robert Haslhofer, 2026)8Bao 2026
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    Topics Ancient solutions, Weak & singular flows, Singularities · Same author Robert Haslhofer · Shared terms “neighborhood”, “cylindrical singularities”, “ancient asymptotically”

  2. A note on blowup limits in 3d Ricci flow

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    Topics Ancient solutions, 3-manifolds, Weak & singular flows · Same author Robert Haslhofer · Shared terms “Perelman”

  3. Ancient cylindrical flows with fast or slow convergence

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    Topics Ancient solutions, Singularities · Same author Robert Haslhofer · Shared terms “neighborhood”, “neck singularities”, “ancient asymptotically”

  4. Uniqueness and stability of singular Ricci flows in higher dimensions

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    Topics 3-manifolds, Weak & singular flows, Singularities · Same author Robert Haslhofer · Shared terms “canonical neighborhood”

  5. Classification of bubble-sheet ovals in

    Beomjun Choi, Panagiota Daskalopoulos, Wenkui Du et al.Wider flows PDF

    Topics Ancient solutions · Same author Robert Haslhofer · Shared terms “sheet oval”, “bubble sheet”, “parameter family”

  6. Classification of ancient noncollapsed flows in

    Kyeongsu Choi and Robert HaslhoferWider flows PDF

    Topics Ancient solutions, 3-manifolds, Singularities · Same author Robert Haslhofer · Shared terms “bubble sheet”, “parameter family”

  7. Hearing the shape of ancient noncollapsed flows in

    Wenkui Du and Robert HaslhoferWider flows PDF

    Topics Ancient solutions, 3-manifolds, Singularities · Same author Robert Haslhofer · Shared terms “bubble sheet”, “parameter family”

  8. Quantitative avoidance for free boundary flows and applications

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    Topics Weak & singular flows, Singularities, Stability & uniqueness · Same author Robert Haslhofer · Shared terms “neighborhood theorem”, “convex neighborhood”, “cylindrical singularities”

Read around it

Background reading

The guides for the topics of this paper: what each idea is, why it matters, and the papers to read first.

In the guidebook

  1. 12C.9
    After PerelmanBook 12C · Extinction and the Proof

    Singular flows, the Smale conjecture, and Bamler’s theory.

  2. 12B.3
    The Structure of κ-SolutionsBook 12B · κ-Solutions and Surgery

    Necks and caps, compactness, and universal estimates.

  3. 11B.4
    Blow-Ups, Blow-Downs and Splitting at InfinityBook 11B · Solitons, Compactness and Singularities

    Limits of rescaled manifolds and flows: why blow-up limits are nonnegatively curved, what blow-downs see, and how lines appear at infinity.