Paper · Sep 30, 2025

An Ancient Stacked Pancake Solution to Mean Curvature Flow

Alexander Mramor, Louis Yudowitz

math.DGWider flowsarXiv:2509.26515v3
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Abstract

We construct an embedded ancient solution to the mean curvature flow which is qualitatively given by a "stack" of two ancient pancakes joined by a neck. Our solution is closed, non-convex, and contained in a slab.

Comments: Introduction expanded and figure added, along with some other clarifications and improvements. Comments welcome!

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The 8 papers on this site closest to this one, judged by the topics they share, the words and phrases in their titles and abstracts, and their authors. They are not its citations, but a map of the work around it. Papers here go back to 2021, plus the canon.

Connected papers This paper in the centre and the 8 papers closest to it around it, in date order clockwise from the top. The closer a paper sits to the centre, the stronger the connection. This paper Nonplanar ancient curve shortening flows in ℝ³ from grim reapers (Theodora Bourni and Alexander Mramor, 2022)5Bourni 2022 Ancient pancake solutions to fully nonlinear curvature flows (Sathya Rengaswami and Mat Langford, 2023)1Rengaswami 2023 A Bernstein theorem of ancient solutions to mean curvature flow (Xiangzhi Cao, 2023)2Cao 2023 A Bernstein theorem for ancient solution to symplectic mean curvature flow (Xiangzhi Cao, 2023)4Cao 2023 Curvature estimates of ancient solutions to the mean curvature flow of higher codimension with convex Gauss image (Hongbing Qiu and Y. L. Xin, 2023)8Qiu 2023 A rigidity theorem of ancient solutions to the mean curvature flow in codimension one (Qun Chen and Hongbing Qiu, 2024)6Chen 2024 Ancient Gauss Curvature Flows of Bounded Width (Beomjun Choi, Kyeongsu Choi and Dongjun Noh, 2025)3Choi 2025 Mean curvature flows with prescribed singular sets (Raphael Tsiamis, 2026)7Tsiamis 2026
Closer to the centre: more closely connected. Clockwise from the top: oldest to newest. Ricci flowWider flowsalso connected to each other
  1. Ancient pancake solutions to fully nonlinear curvature flows

    Sathya Rengaswami and Mat LangfordWider flows PDF

    Topics Ancient solutions · Shared terms “pancake solution”, “ancient pancakes”

  2. Ancient Gauss Curvature Flows of Bounded Width

    Beomjun Choi, Kyeongsu Choi and Dongjun NohWider flows PDF

    Topics Ancient solutions · Shared terms “contained”

  3. Nonplanar ancient curve shortening flows in from grim reapers

    Theodora Bourni and Alexander MramorWider flows PDF

    Topics Ancient solutions · Same author Alexander Mramor

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Background reading

The guides for the topics of this paper: what each idea is, why it matters, and the papers to read first.

In the guidebook

  1. 11B.2
    Ancient Solutions and the Harnack InequalityBook 11B · Solitons, Compactness and Singularities

    Comparing curvature across space and time.

  2. 12B.1
    κ-SolutionsBook 12B · κ-Solutions and Surgery

    Ancient, nonnegatively curved, noncollapsed: the models for singularities.

  3. 12B.2
    The Asymptotic Soliton and Three-Dimensional ShrinkersBook 12B · κ-Solutions and Surgery

    Perelman's Proposition 11.2 proved with Morgan and Tian: the reduced-length bounds on κ-solutions, the limit of rescalings, the equality case, and the classification of shrinking solitons in dimensions two and three.