Paper · Mar 1, 2023

Stability and moduli space of generalized Ricci solitons

Kuan-Hui Lee

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Abstract

The generalized Einstein Hilbert action is an extension of the classic scalar curvature energy and Perelman F functional which incorporates a closed three-form. The critical points are known as generalized Ricci solitons, which arise naturally in mathematical physics, complex geometry, and generalized geometry. Through a delicate analysis of the group of generalized gauge transformations, and implementing a novel connection, we give a simple formula for the second variation of this energy which generalizes the Lichnerowicz operator in the Einstein case. As an application, we show that all Bismut flat manifolds are linearly stable critical points, and admit nontrivial deformations arising from Lie theory. Furthermore, this leads to extensions of classic results of Koiso and Podesta, Spiro, Kröncke to the moduli space of generalized Ricci solitons. To finish we classify deformations of the Bismut-flat structure on S3 and show that some are integrable while others are not.

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Connected papers

The 8 papers on this site closest to this one, judged by the topics they share, the words and phrases in their titles and abstracts, and their authors. They are not its citations, but a map of the work around it. Papers here go back to 2021, plus the canon.

Connected papers This paper in the centre and the 8 papers closest to it around it, in date order clockwise from the top. The closer a paper sits to the centre, the stronger the connection. This paper Kähler-Ricci flow for deformed complex structures (Gang Tian, Liang Zhang and Xiaohua Zhu, 2021)7Tian 2021 The Stability of Generalized Ricci Solitons (Kuan-Hui Lee, 2022)1Lee 2022 Bochner formulas, functional inequalities and generalized Ricci flow (Eva Kopfer and Jeffrey Streets, 2022)3Kopfer 2022 Nash Entropy and Heat Kernel on Generalized Ricci Flow (Xilun Li, 2022)6Li 2022 Dynamical stability of Pluriclosed and Generalized Ricci solitons (Kuan-Hui Lee, 2025)2Lee 2025 A Spinorial Perelman's Functional: Critical Points and Gradient Flow (Tsz-Kiu Aaron Chow and Frederick Tsz-Ho Fong, 2026)5Chow 2026 Homogeneous Generalized Ricci flows II (Elia Fusi, Ramiro A. Lafuente and James Stanfield, 2026)4Fusi 2026 Backward Pseudolocality of G₂-Laplacian Flow (Weiyong He and Longhuan Yan, 2026)8He 2026
Closer to the centre: more closely connected. Clockwise from the top: oldest to newest. Ricci flowWider flowsalso connected to each other
  1. The Stability of Generalized Ricci Solitons

    Kuan-Hui Lee PDF

    Topics Generalized & G₂ flows, Stability & uniqueness, Ricci solitons · Same author Kuan-Hui Lee · Shared terms “Bismut flat”, “generalized Einstein”, “linearly stable”

  2. Dynamical stability of Pluriclosed and Generalized Ricci solitons

    Kuan-Hui Lee PDF

    Topics Generalized & G₂ flows, Stability & uniqueness, Ricci solitons · Same author Kuan-Hui Lee · Shared terms “generalized Einstein”, “integrable”, “Hilbert”

  3. Bochner formulas, functional inequalities and generalized Ricci flow

    Eva Kopfer and Jeffrey Streets PDF

    Topics Perelman entropy, Generalized & G₂ flows · Shared terms “Bismut”

  4. Homogeneous Generalized Ricci flows II

    Elia Fusi, Ramiro A. Lafuente and James Stanfield PDF

    Topics Generalized & G₂ flows, Scalar curvature, Stability & uniqueness · Shared terms “Bismut flat”, “critical points”, “Lie”

  5. A Spinorial Perelman's Functional: Critical Points and Gradient Flow

    Tsz-Kiu Aaron Chow and Frederick Tsz-Ho Fong PDF

    Topics Perelman entropy, Stability & uniqueness, Ricci solitons · Shared terms “critical points”, “variation”

  6. Nash Entropy and Heat Kernel on Generalized Ricci Flow

    Xilun Li PDF

    Topics Perelman entropy, Generalized & G₂ flows

  7. Kähler-Ricci flow for deformed complex structures

    Gang Tian, Liang Zhang and Xiaohua Zhu PDF

    Topics Perelman entropy, Stability & uniqueness, Ricci solitons · Shared terms “moduli space”, “variation”, “Lie”

  8. Backward Pseudolocality of -Laplacian Flow

    Weiyong He and Longhuan Yan PDF

    Topics Perelman entropy, Generalized & G₂ flows, Scalar curvature

Read around it

Background reading

The guides for the topics of this paper: what each idea is, why it matters, and the papers to read first.

In the guidebook

  1. 6A.12
    Entropy, Information and DiffusionBook 6A · The Heat Equation and Its Relatives

    Entropy along the heat flow, the log-Sobolev inequality and Li–Yau: the ancestors of Perelman’s entropy.

  2. 6A.13
    Self-Similar Variables and MonotonicityBook 6A · The Heat Equation and Its Relatives

    Changing variables so that self-similar solutions stand still: convergence to the Gaussian, Giga–Kohn blow-up, Gaussian-weighted monotonicity formulas, frequency functions, and the blow-up logic of Huisken, Struwe and Perelman.

  3. 6B.16
    Eigenvalue Problems and Perelman’s λBook 6B · Linear PDE: Characteristics, Waves and Regularity

    Rayleigh quotients and min–max, Faber–Krahn and Cheeger’s inequality, ground states of Schrödinger operators, spectral clustering, and the first eigenvalue of −4Δ + R that begins Perelman’s first preprint.