Paper · Aug 18, 2024

A modified Ricci flow on arbitrary weighted graph

Jicheng Ma, Yunyan Yang

math.AParXiv:2408.09435v3J. Geom. Anal. (2025) 35:332
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Abstract

In this paper, we propose a modified Ricci flow, as well as a quasi-normalized Ricci flow, on arbitrary weighted graph. Each of these two flows has a unique global solution. In particular, these global existence and uniqueness results do not require an exit condition proposed by Bai et al in a recent work [2]. As applications, these two Ricci flows are applied to community detection for complex networks, including Karate Club, American football games, Facebook, as well as artificial networks. In our algorithms, unlike in [5,15], there is no need to perform surgery at every iteration, only one surgery needs to be performed after the last iteration. From three commonly used criteria for evaluating community detection algorithms, ARI, NMI and Q, we conclude that our algorithms outperform existing algorithms, including Ollivier's Ricci flow [5], normalized Ollivier's Ricci flow and normalized Lin-Lu-Yau's Ricci flow [15]. The codes for our algorithms are available at https://github.com/mjc191812/Modified-Ricci-Flow.

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Connected papers

The 8 papers on this site closest to this one, judged by the topics they share, the words and phrases in their titles and abstracts, and their authors. They are not its citations, but a map of the work around it. Papers here go back to 2021, plus the canon.

Connected papers This paper in the centre and the 8 papers closest to it around it, in date order clockwise from the top. The closer a paper sits to the centre, the stronger the connection. This paper Ricci flow with surgery on three-manifolds (Grisha Perelman, 2003)7Perelman 2003 Evolution of weights on a connected finite graph (Jicheng Ma and Yunyan Yang, 2024)1Ma 2024 Core detection via Ricci curvature flows on weighted graphs (Juan Zhao, Jicheng Ma, Yunyan Yang et al., 2025)2Zhao 2025 Ricci Flow on Weighted Digraphs with Balancing Factor (Shuliang Bai, Rui Li, Shuang Liu et al., 2025)8Bai 2025 The weighted Forman and Lin-Lu-Yau Ricci flow on graphs (Shuliang Bai, Shuang Liu and Xin Lai, 2026)6Bai 2026 The Ollivier Ricci flow with prescribed curvature on infinite graphs (Bobo Hua, Yong Lin and Shuang Liu, 2026)5Hua 2026 Evolving edge weights via local entropy flow and cohesion flow on graphs (Juan Zhao, Jicheng Ma, Yunyan Yang et al., 2026)3Zhao 2026 Equivalence of Lin–Lu–Yau curvature and 1/2-Ollivier curvature on weighted graphs (Shiping Liu and Yunyan Yang, 2026)4Liu 2026
Closer to the centre: more closely connected. Clockwise from the top: oldest to newest. Ricci flowWider flowsalso connected to each other
  1. Evolution of weights on a connected finite graph

    Jicheng Ma and Yunyan Yang PDF

    Topics Surgery, Discrete & graph Ricci, Long-time existence & convergence · Same authors Jicheng Ma, Yunyan Yang · Shared terms “community detection”, “Ollivier Ricci”, “algorithm”

  2. Core detection via Ricci curvature flows on weighted graphs

    Juan Zhao, Jicheng Ma, Yunyan Yang et al. PDF

    Topics Discrete & graph Ricci · Same authors Jicheng Ma, Yunyan Yang · Shared terms “weighted graphs”, “detection”, “algorithm”

  3. Evolving edge weights via local entropy flow and cohesion flow on graphs

    Juan Zhao, Jicheng Ma, Yunyan Yang et al. PDF

    Topics Discrete & graph Ricci, Long-time existence & convergence, Stability & uniqueness · Same authors Jicheng Ma, Yunyan Yang · Shared terms “weighted graphs”, “community detection”, “Ollivier Ricci”

  4. Equivalence of Lin–Lu–Yau curvature and 1/2-Ollivier curvature on weighted graphs

    Shiping Liu and Yunyan Yang PDF

    Topics Discrete & graph Ricci, Long-time existence & convergence, Stability & uniqueness · Same author Yunyan Yang · Shared terms “weighted graphs”, “Ollivier”, “Lin”

  5. The Ollivier Ricci flow with prescribed curvature on infinite graphs

    Bobo Hua, Yong Lin and Shuang Liu PDF

    Topics Discrete & graph Ricci, Stability & uniqueness · Shared terms “Ollivier Ricci”, “Yau Ricci”, “Lin”

  6. The weighted Forman and Lin-Lu-Yau Ricci flow on graphs

    Shuliang Bai, Shuang Liu and Xin Lai PDF

    Topics Discrete & graph Ricci, Stability & uniqueness · Shared terms “Yau Ricci”, “Lin”

  7. Ricci flow with surgery on three-manifolds

    Grisha PerelmanThe canon PDF

    Topics Surgery, Discrete & graph Ricci

  8. Ricci Flow on Weighted Digraphs with Balancing Factor

    Shuliang Bai, Rui Li, Shuang Liu et al. PDF

    Topics Discrete & graph Ricci, Stability & uniqueness · Shared terms “weighted graphs”, “community detection”, “algorithm”

Read around it

Background reading

The guides for the topics of this paper: what each idea is, why it matters, and the papers to read first.

In the guidebook

  1. 11B.7
    Hamilton’s Program in 2002Book 11B · Solitons, Compactness and Singularities

    What was proved, what was missing, and where Perelman came in.

  2. 12B.5
    The Canonical Neighbourhood TheoremBook 12B · κ-Solutions and Surgery

    Every high-curvature point looks like a neck or a cap.

  3. 12B.7
    The Singular Time: Horns and Strong NecksBook 12B · κ-Solutions and Surgery

    The limit metric at a singular time, the set Ω where curvature stays bounded, ε-horns and their ends, and strong δ-necks deep in a horn, following Perelman II §3 and Morgan–Tian chapter 11.